M. Gorky's drama “At the Depths” is a complex, multifaceted work with deep philosophical content. What makes a person human? What helps and hinders life? What are the paths to finding happiness? The author is looking for an answer to these questions together with his heroes - the inhabitants of the Kostylevo shelter.

It is interesting that on issues that have long troubled the minds of thinkers, the play speaks not from masters of philosophical debate, but from people of the “bottom,” uneducated or degraded, tongue-tied or unable to find the right words. Each of the night shelters has a certain outlook on life, professes his own “truth”: Bubnov and Baron, insensitive people far from illusions, are supporters of the cruel “truth of fact”, content with crude reality; Anna, Ash, Kleshch, Nastya, Actor live a dream, but at the same time they suffer and crave sympathy.

However, in my opinion, only two inhabitants of the shelter can be considered unique “ideologists” of the “bottom” - Luka and Satin. After all, Gorky formulated the “main question” of the drama as follows: “What is better: truth or compassion? What is more needed? In the play, Satin advocates for truth, Luke preaches compassion.

Satin is a strong man who has received a certain education. He once served in a telegraph office, where he picked up some “smart” words. Now he is a clever gambler. It is paradoxical that the truth is glorified by a sharper, that is, a person living a lie. Nevertheless, Satin’s monologues are bright, emotional, aphoristic: “Man - that’s the truth! Lies are the religion of slaves and masters... Truth is the god of a free man!..” Satin’s views are close to Gorky. In one of his letters, the author seems to echo his hero: “Only man exists, everything else is opinion.”

Satin affirms the “bottom” as the norm of existence, the only one worthy of a real person. He himself neglects the opportunity to live on honestly earned money. According to Satin, people should be respected, and not “humiliated with pity,” not lie to them, but finally finish them off with the truth: it’s more noble.

The wanderer Luke adheres to a different point of view. This hero is kind, forgiving of weaknesses, tolerant of the sins of others, and responsive to requests for help. “They crushed it a lot, that’s why it’s soft,” he says about himself.

Another attractive feature of Luka is his genuine interest in life, in other people, in each of whom he is able to discern individuality, a “zest”: “Every flea is not bad...”

Luke, of course, is needed by the sufferers, of whom there are many in the play: Nastya, Ash, Natasha, Actor, Anna, Tick. They need consolation and encouragement - a kind of anesthesia from the troubles that haunt them and a stimulator of interest in life. To console his interlocutor, Luka does not come up with any recipes, he only skillfully supports the dream that each of the shelters has: he convinces the actor of the existence of a hospital for alcoholics, strengthens Anna’s faith in the afterlife, and Nastya’s in ideal love.

“What you believe in is what it is,” says the wanderer. In my opinion, a good motto for the “bottom”. As if confirming his words, Luke tells the night shelters a parable: the dream of a “righteous land” gave a man the strength to live, but the truth pushed him to commit suicide.

According to Satin, Luke’s speeches are “a comforting lie, a reconciling lie,” “a lie for salvation.” One can argue for a long time about the appropriateness of such deception. However, in my opinion, one cannot but agree with Beranger, whose poem the Actor constantly recites:

Gentlemen, if the truth is holy

The world doesn't know how to find a road,

Honor the madman who inspires

A golden dream for humanity!

I think Luke is such a “madman.”

Reflecting on the “main question” of the drama “At the Lower Depths,” Gorky tests the philosophies of Satin and Luke with life, shows how the speeches of the sharper and how the monologues of the wanderer influenced the night shelters.

Before Luka’s unexpected departure, the well-being of the inhabitants of the “bottom” noticeably improves; Most of them have a growing belief in the possibility of living a better life. The old man advises dying Anna to be patient and promises a heavenly life in heaven. The woman believed him and died calmly. According to the philosophy of Satin, who, by the way, looked quite calmly at the suffering of a dying woman, it was not worth humiliating her: after all, a lie under the guise of pity cannot help but humiliate a person.

Thanks to Luka, Ash lives the dream of an honest life in Siberia, and Nastya lives with faith in ideal love. According to Satin, it is necessary to return them to prosaic reality...

Heeding Luke’s assurances, inspired by the hope of healing, the Actor begins to work and even stops drinking for a while. But then Satin gets down to business, whose name, probably not by chance, is consonant with the name of Satan. He takes away the most valuable thing from the Actor - his dream, and he has no choice but to hang himself.

So, the drama “At the Bottom” is an example of the possibility of helping people with the help of compassion or truth. There is an absolutely unambiguous answer to the question: “What is better: truth or compassion? What is more necessary? - not in the work.

I think Gorky has certain sympathy for both Satin and Luka. And the only right decision similar problem cannot be: the truth is certainly better than deception, but sometimes compassion is needed, "comforting lie."

Nikolay Basenko

Lesson topic: Which is better: truth or compassion?

(based on M. Gorky’s play “At the Lower Depths”)

Class: 11

Lesson type: lesson-seminar with elements of discussion.

Goals: I .Educational:

Continue studying Gorky's play "At the Lower Depths."

Create conditions for expanding students' knowledge about the analysis of a work of art.

II .Developing:

Create conditions for skill development expressive reading students.

Create conditions for improving the skill of analyzing a work of art.

III . Personal:

Create conditions for awakening in students a sense of pride in a person.

Equipment: 1. M. Gorky “At the Bottom”

2. Screen adaptation of M. Gorky’s play “At the Lower Depths”

3.Presentation, projector

Literature: 1 . M. Gorky “At the Bottom”.

2. Severikova N.M. and others. Literature: Textbook. Benefit for Wednesdays. Specialist. Textbook head..–4th ed.– M.: graduate School, 1983.–P.335–359.

3. Russian literature of the 20th century. Essays. Portraits. Essay. Textbook Manual for 11th grade students. general education Institutions. In 2 parts. Part 1/Comp. E.P. Pronina; Ed. F.F. Kuznetsova. – 3rd ed. – M.: Education, 1996. – P.41.

4.Volkov A.A. A.M. Bitter. A manual for students. – M.: Education, 1975.

5. Fedin K. Gorky is among us. Paintings literary life.– M.: Soviet writer, 1977.

Lesson structure: 1. Organizational moment.(1 min.)

2. Opening remarks teachers.(2 min.)

3. Work on the problems of the play. Drawing up a diagram (26 min.)

4.View an excerpt from the film adaptation of M. Gorky’s play “At the Lower Depths” (5 min.)

5. Conclusions. (6 min.)

6.Tests

7. Lesson summary: a) homework; (3 min.)

b) grading. (2 min)

Lesson progress:

I.Organizational moment.

Teacher: Hello guys! We continue to study the work of M. Gorky, or rather his play “At the Depths”.

II.Opening speech by the teacher.

Teacher: Today is not an ordinary lesson. We will answer questions, think, share our thoughts, argue. Currently, the question “What is better: the bitter truth or the sweet lie” is becoming increasingly relevant? truth or compassion? We will try to answer this question with you.

The play begins with a description of the gloomy life of the Kostylevo doss house, which is depicted by Gorky as the embodiment of social evil. The author describes this shelter for the poor. Gathered here different people: men and women, old and young, healthy and sick. These people have a terrible present and no future. And of all these overnight stayers, Gorky singles out two: Satin and the wanderer Luke - these are two opposing philosophies.

III. Working on the problems of the play. Drawing up a diagram.

Teacher: Guys, what did we learn about Luke from the play? What is he like? Who is he?

Student: Luke the wanderer came from far away. He always speaks in aphorisms and proverbs. He gave hope to all the residents of the shelter, reassured them, and was kind to everyone. Life beat him a lot. But Luke did not stop loving people.

Teacher: What do we know about Satin?

Student: Satin spent 4 years in prison because of his sister (he stood up for her), he used to be a telegraph operator, and read a lot. He drinks a lot, plays cards and gets into fights. Believes in man.

Teacher: Now let's draw up a diagram of negative and positive traits character of Luke and Satin and find out which of them is depicted by Gorky as goodie, and who is as negative.

Luke Satin

+ / - + / -

sympathetic deceitful truth-loving cruel

patient proud distrustful

kind discordant

communicative

talkative

humane

Teacher: So, it turns out that Luke and Satin have something good and bad, and it’s impossible to say for sure who is a positive and who a negative hero. What is Luka’s relationship with the inhabitants of the shelter (with Anna, Natalya, Ash, Nastya, Kleshch, Actor)?

Student: He treats everyone kindly. He promises Anna rest and peace in the next world, he persuades Natalya to believe Ash and run away with him, he tells Ash about Siberia, where you can earn a lot of money, he simply listened to Nastya and pretended to believe him, he gave the actor hope that he would be cured in a free alcohol clinic.

Teacher: How does Satin feel about the inhabitants of the shelter?

Student: He mocks everyone, makes fun of them, tells them the harsh truth straight to their faces, destroying the hopes of the “dwellers of the bottom.”

Teacher: What does Satin say about work, labor?

Student: That work should bring joy, only then will it work.

Teacher: How does Luke treat all people?

Student: Luke is presented by the author in the image of a wanderer, more reminiscent of a preacher or minister of a religious cult. He is wise and carries light and human warmth. Already from the threshold he addresses the heroes as normal people: “Good health, honest people!” He treats everyone with warmth and understanding: “I don’t care! I respect swindlers too, in my opinion, not a single flea is bad: they’re all black, they all jump...”

Teacher: Fine. What does Luke say about man?

Student: Luke says: “Whatever he is, he is always worth his price...”

Teacher: How does Luke calm Anna down? What does he tell her about death?Student: " You can rest there!..” “Death, it is like a mother to small children.”

Teacher: What does Luke promise to the Actor? What hope does it give him?

Student: He tells the Actor that in some city there is a free clinic for alcoholics.

Teacher: Did the Actor believe Luke? How has his behavior changed?

Student : Yes. The actor believed Luke. He stopped drinking and began saving money for the trip.

Teacher: What solution does Luka offer to Vaska Ash?

Student : He suggested that Vaska go to Siberia and start a new life there.

Teacher: How did the story about Siberia influence Ash?

Student : He wants to improve: “...we must live differently! We need to live better! I have to live this way... so that I can respect myself.

Teacher: How does Luke answer the question “Is there a God”?

Student : “What you believe is what you believe”

Teacher: How do you understand this?

Student : That is, you can believe in whatever you want, and with this faith it will be easier to live.

Teacher: There is a debate about truth in the play. How does Luke talk about truth?

Student : “The truth is like a blow to the head...”

Teacher: Right. How does he explain his lies?

Student : “It’s true, it’s not always because of a person’s illness... You can’t always cure a soul with the truth!”

Teacher: What does Kostylev say about the truth?

Student : He says that not all truth is needed.

Teacher: Fine. How does Bubnov feel about the truth?

Student : He says: “Leave the truth as it is. I always tell the truth! I can't lie. For what?"

Teacher: What does Satin say about the truth? Read his words.

Student : “Lies are the religion of slaves and masters, truth is the God of a free man.”

Teacher: Luke tells a parable about a righteous land. What is it about? Why did he tell it?

Student : He tells a parable about a man who believed in the existence of a righteous land. When a certain scientist proved that there was no such land, the man hanged himself out of grief. With this, Luke wants to once again confirm how saving a lie is sometimes for people and how unnecessary and dangerous the truth can be for them.

Teacher: Does Luke believe in people and love them?

Student : Luka loves people. He feels sorry for them and does not believe in them, killing with his pity the will to get out of the “bottom of life.”

IV.Viewing an excerpt from the film adaptation of M. Gorky’s play “At the Lower Depths”

Teacher: How does Satin evaluate the truth and what does he say about a person? The film will tell us about this - an adaptation of the play “At the Bottom”.

Guys! Luke's lie is life-saving. Gorky rejects this philosophy of saving lies; it plays a reactionary role.

Instead of calling for a struggle against unrighteous life, he reconciles the oppressed and disadvantaged with the oppressors and tyrants. This lie, according to the author of the play, is an expression of weakness, historical impotence. The author thinks so. Do you agree with this position of Gorky? What do we think?

Student : On the one hand, I agree with Gorky. But on the other hand, Luka is the only one who treats the residents of the shelter humanely, humanely (for example, with Anna). Even Satin respects him and protects him.

Teacher: So, let's answer the main question of today's lesson: which is better: truth or compassion? True or false?

Student : I think that in some situations it is permissible to lie out of compassion for one’s neighbor (for example, for a seriously ill or dying person), in other cases it is better, of course, to tell the truth.

V .Conclusion.

Teacher: In the play, Gorky contrasts false humanism, which preaches universal humility, submission to fate, and true humanism, the essence of which is the struggle against everything that oppresses a person, depriving him of dignity and faith in his own strength, against the slave life of humanity. These are the two main truths that Luka and Satin argue about in the play - characters who immediately stand out from the general crowd of shelter residents with their philosophical approach to life, ability to speak wisely and ability to influence people.

However, at the beginning of the play, another, third, “truth” is given - Bubnov’s truth. Bubnov is too categorical, for him there is only black and white, while there is much more black. He lives and acts according to the principle “leave the truth as it is.” Bubnov tries to bring everyone who is in the shelter into the open, revealing his truth: “But I... I don’t know how to lie! For what?" This character tells both the Actor, and Medvedev, and Ash, and Nastya a bitter and painful truth, but the consequences of this truth are unpredictable! He is indifferent to his own fate, especially to the feelings of others, his view of life is overly skeptical, full of pessimism, and life itself seems to him complete nonsense; “All people float like chips along the river. That's it! They are born, they live, they die. And I will die, and you... Why be sorry! True, Bubnov kills any desire in a person to be human: “Everyone will die anyway,” so why go out of your way in vain, it’s better to immediately think about death.

But the righteous Luke sincerely wants to alleviate the suffering of people, help them, support them, and instill Orthodox humility in their souls. Luka knows who and what to promise, his speeches have a beneficial effect on the ears of the embittered residents of the shelter and plunge them into a pleasant oblivion, making them even more passive and disconnected from real life. But Luka bypasses Bubnov, Satin, Kleshch, obviously realizing that his pity can satisfy only the weak and those who doubt the possible happiness of people.

But Luke's preaching only brings harm. The inhabitants of the shelter are already driven to despair and live only in illusions, and Luka creates even more of them. He does not name a path that can lift them from the bottom, he does not believe in the capabilities of these unfortunate people and therefore resorts to sublime, but meaningless deception. Luke's affectionate words only lull and fascinate, but they do not encourage him to fight, do not give him the strength and desire to actively act to change his own deplorable situation. Luke's call to hope for the best pushes the night shelters into inaction and humility, and he himself quietly leaves, leaving the unfortunate ones in complete confusion, with a bitter feeling of hopelessness.

Satin tried to understand Luka and soberly assessed his role: “Luka is not a charlatan,” as others thought, “but compassionate,” “crumb for the toothless.” He comes to the conclusion that Luke’s speeches, permeated with Christian morality, do not bring any benefit, but only lull the soul and deceive it. And Satin sharply criticizes lies: “Lies are the religion of slaves and masters, truth is the god of a free man.”

And, if Luke claims that a person must humble himself, endure and wait for a miracle. Satin proclaims the idea that a person must, first of all, be free and proud, must act, fight for a happy life, without losing heart and tirelessly. Satin’s truth is closest to the thoughts of the author himself: through the mouth of Satin, Gorky expresses his own faith in man. Actual answer to the author's question: Which is better: “truth or compassion?” not in the play. Everyone decides this question for themselves.

VI . Tests

VI Lesson summary:

a) homework;

Write an essay - an argument on the topic: “Man is a great position”

b) grading.

Maxim Gorky is a famous Russian writer and humanist. He went through a long school of life and wrote not to entertain the public, but reflected truth and love for man in his works. Even in the play “At the Bottom,” so tragic and sad, this love can be traced. If this were not so, then the playwright would hardly have asked himself the question “What is better - truth or compassion?”

Starting your essay

School essay “Which is better - truth or compassion?” not easy. If you ask what is better, truth or lie, students will undoubtedly answer - truth. But the concepts of truth and compassion cannot be made mutually exclusive. This is the difficulty of the essay “Which is better - truth or compassion?”

For people who find themselves at the very bottom of society in Gorky's play, both compassion and truth can become destructive. The false hope given by Luke, on the one hand, and the reality saturated with hopeless pain, on the other, cannot coexist with each other. Therefore, when starting to write an essay, you should understand that first a person needs to tell the truth, and then offer sincere compassion, not burdened with lies. How to understand this? This is written about in the play. One can, based on good intentions, praise Luke and despise the bearer of truth Satin, but is this what the author wanted to say?! That's right, he said something completely different.

Sound

M. Gorky's entire play “At the Depths” is a hymn to the truth about man. Here the bearer of truth is Satin, a gambler and sharper, who is very far from the ideal of a person, but it is he who sincerely proclaims: “Man is magnificent! It sounds proud! In contrast to him, Luka appears in the shelter - a kind, compassionate liar, which deliberately inspires a “golden dream” for the sufferers. But next to them there is another person who wants to understand what is better than truth or compassion - this is the author himself.

It is Maxim Gorky who bears these two characteristics. This is evident in the play itself and in how enthusiastically it was received by the audience. This work was read in shelters; people who had sunk to the very bottom of society shouted: “We are worse!” and praised the playwright of his time. This play even now sounds modern, because in our time people began to speak the bitter truth, but forgot about mercy and compassion.

Heroes and hopes

Before writing the essay “What is more important - truth or compassion?” It’s worth getting to know the characters in the play and the world in which they live. The cave-like basement, where prison twilight reigns, sheltered under its arch people who were mercilessly thrown out by society.

Someone once wrote that “At the Lower Depths” is not just a play, but a picture of a cemetery in which people valuable for their inclinations are buried alive. In this world of poverty, anger and lawlessness live people who have lost their past. Rather, they do not live, but exist. But some of them still have a faint glimmer of hope. The tick firmly believes that it will get out of this stinking place. “I’ll rip off my skin and get out of here,” he says. The thief hopes that he will have a different life with Natasha. Prostitute Nastya dreams of true love. The rest have long lost hope and realized their uselessness.

The Drunk Actor has long since forgotten his name. Crushed under the yoke of a hard life, Anna is sick and patiently awaits her death. Nobody needs her, even her husband awaits her death as liberation. Former telegraph operator Satin looks at the world cynically and maliciously. The Baron understands that everything is in the past, so he expects nothing, and Bubnov is a shining example of indifference both to himself and to others. For these " former people“Which is better: truth or compassion? What is more important for them?

Wanderer

One day the wanderer Luke comes to this gloomy abode. He addresses them, rejected by society and renounced human morality, politely and affably. Gorky’s attitude towards this character is very clear: “All the words of these people are alms, which they give with hidden disgust.”

At first glance, Luka's appearance did not bring anything good to the inhabitants of the shelter. He disappears unnoticed, and the illusions that he left behind make people’s lives even more hopeless. The last spark of hope disappears, and tormented souls plunge into darkness. With the appearance of Luka, hope settled in the shelter; he was sensitive and kind, finding words of consolation for everyone. But he didn’t do this out of self-interest, Luka was not a swindler or a charlatan, he really was kind person. But his compassion was built on lies. He firmly believed that the truth cannot always cure the soul. And if you really can’t change your life, you can at least change your attitude towards it.

So which is better - truth or compassion? There are many arguments that can be drawn from the story, and this was one of them.

From the author

The author's contemporaries say that he was best able to describe the scene at the bedside of the dying Anna, where Luke spoke. This old man was part of Gorky’s soul, and like the author, the hero knew the feeling of compassion. Gorky is not against consolations, however, he is also tormented by the question of what is better: truth or compassion? And is it necessary to empathize to such an extent that words of consolation become lies?

Your own truth

Kleshch had his own truth: “You can’t live - that’s the truth,” he said. To which Luke replied that this truth cannot be healed, but the person must be pitied. The Wanderer believes in the saving power of pity. He perceives the truth as the cruel oppression of inhumane circumstances. Luke’s words were unusually life-affirming, and at first the residents of the shelter did not believe in them. But the wanderer just wanted to inspire faith and hope in them.

Luke carries within himself saving human faith. He believes that through words, compassion and mercy, a person can be inspired. For Luke there is no question “Which is better - truth or compassion?” He believes: the truth is what is humane.

Satin also believes that everything that is done should be for the sake of man. But this hero does not understand Luke’s lies. Satin is sure that this is a sign weak person and that's wrong. Every person should have the courage to face the truth and not hide behind illusions. It is the truth that makes a person strong and capable of doing things. Although he does not fulfill his own covenants. Satin can only talk about high matters, remaining at the bottom. What is better - truth or compassion? This is a question everyone should answer after the final episode.

The tragedy of the ending

The end of the play is tragic. Luke, although he inspired Satin to make a fiery speech about human dignity, but due to his character, this hero only knew how to control words. He remains the same indifferent to himself and his surroundings. Especially Satin’s creepy reaction to the death of the Actor: “Fool, you ruined the song!”

An inhumane society tends to kill and maim souls. And this play allows you to feel the injustice of the social structure, which leads people to death. And yet the question remains open: “What is better - truth or compassion?” There are many examples in M. Gorky’s work “At the Bottom” for both the first and second cases, you just need to draw your own conclusion.

Truth and Compassion

It is impossible to give an unambiguous statement on this question. It’s probably worth looking at the situation the person is facing. Satin preached the truth. Yes, the truth is good decision in many cases, it just has to be active. Having realized the roots of his misfortunes, a person must accept the truth and do actions that will help him correct the situation. The truth should be a signal to action. This is the real value that makes a person a Human.

On the other hand, you cannot destroy your personality, which can be kind, loving, and able to sympathize. People more often need consolation than they show it, but the chains of lies take away a person’s freedom. People need real hope, but not comforting lies, even if it is for salvation.

Yes, the concepts of truth and compassion are not mutually exclusive. On the contrary, they should complement each other. It is not at all difficult to season the bitter reality with a pinch of empathy. And it is very prudent to speak words of support that are based on the real state of affairs. As Aristotle said: “There must be a golden mean in everything; it is this that is good.” And in a specific case, the words of the ancient philosopher are the very truth based on compassion.

>Essays on the work At the Depth

What is better truth or compassion?

One of the best dramas by M. Gorky is the play “At the Lower Depths,” published in 1902. In it, the writer raised a question that was and will remain relevant: What is better – truth or compassion. If the question were about truth and lies, one could easily answer that the truth is better, more important and more correct. But truth and compassion are difficult to contrast with each other. The author himself is a humanist by nature and prefers the truth. He put his opinion into the words of Satin, who throughout the play defends the peahen of man.

This character is contrasted with Elder Luka, who, as if by chance, ended up in the Kostylevs’ shelter. With his appearance, many guests who had lost hope of a better existence feel much better. Essentially, he is a very kind and sensitive person, pitying people and having compassion for them. However, his compassion is sometimes associated with lies, maybe comforting, but still lies. In his play, Gorky shows the tragic consequences of such compassion. Perhaps Luka is not at all a rogue or a charlatan, as some guests suspect. Perhaps he sympathizes with all his heart, but this only instills deceptive illusions in the souls of vulnerable people.

Satin has a different truth of life. Despite the fact that he is now a gambler and a sharpie, he is a true philosopher at heart. IN past life he was an intelligent and highly educated telegraph operator. Defending his sister from a scoundrel, he ended up in prison for almost five years. And after prison I ended up in this shelter. In all the disputes taking place in the play, he proclaims the cult of man. It is he who exposes Luke's wrong approach. He considers lies, although comforting, to be the religion of slaves. But for a real person there is truth. He does not accuse Luke of bad intentions, and perfectly understands the good motives of the old man. At the same time, he still says that compassion only humiliates a person and instills false hopes in him.

The author himself agrees with Satin. He believes that a person must have the courage to accept the truth as it is. It makes a person stronger and more confident. With this work, the playwright also tried to show that truth can serve as an impetus for positive changes in a society that by that time was mired in lies and injustice. The conclusion is obvious. Only truth can elevate a person and make him happier. A person must choose for himself what he needs, and compassion mixed with lies does not lead to good.

“Bitter truth” and “sweet lies” always stand side by side, and each person decides for himself what to choose. No matter how much time passes, and the problem of truth and lies remains unresolved, this topic is eternal in literature, which is why various authors often turn to it.

M. Gorky in the play “At the Bottom” raises the problem of truth and lies. The work contrasts two heroes - Satin and Luke. The first believes that one should always tell the truth, because “truth is the god of a free man,” and people who lie are “weaklings” for Satin. Luke argues that it is necessary to have compassion for people, and compassion, in his understanding, is often a lie - a white lie. It seems to me that both heroes were right in some way; each person needed a different approach. The Tick and the Actor, for example, needed the “bitter truth”, they needed a push that would provoke changes, could “stir up” them, it was the truth that would begin their struggle and, perhaps, they would get out of this “pit”. Someone needed a soothing, “sweet lie” like Anna.

Anna, after Luke’s words, was not afraid of death and “with a light heart” went “to another world.” For another hero of the play, the Actor, the lie turned out to be fatal. He believed with all his heart in the best, in his recovery from addiction, but soon even the illusory hope for something good was destroyed, and with it the life of the Actor was destroyed. In despair, he decided to commit suicide. In fact, Luka was not to blame for the death of the Actor and the worsening situation of the residents of the shelter. He tried with all his heart to help these people, Luka was truly worried and compassionate, he thought that with his mercy and pity he could “reach out” to people and their souls. Luke wanted to give them hope and faith so that they would begin to act and strive for something. His goodness was based on deception, but for Luke it was not a lie, because, in his opinion, what is true is what is human. Only Satin was able to understand Luke’s “philosophy,” saying: “Man, that’s the truth!”

Thus, “saving lies” do occur, but quite rarely. In most cases, the “bitter truth” is better than any deception, because you cannot live in illusions forever. A person who realizes the criticality of the situation, who knows the true state of affairs, begins to fight, and often it is the “bitter truth” that helps him avoid many problems.

Option 2

Probably, those people who read the work and even thought about it were divided into two types. Some shared the side of truth, but others, on the contrary, were for compassion. But it’s impossible to definitely know what I think is better. Everything will directly depend on the situation or the consequences of the choice.

This problem was considered by Gorky in his work “At the Depths”. Everything happens in one shack, in which there are not even conditions for existence, and never have been, but people still lived here. Many people live here only because they have nowhere else to live, but here at least they won’t die alone. And among them there is one guy named Luka, who is trying to change the life of each of the heroes. He tells them that when they die, they will go to a wonderful place where there will be all conditions for living and there they will definitely find their happiness. The guy understands that he is deceiving everyone who is here, but he has no other way to cheer them up and help them, and will not have one. And he is sure that a lie helps them calmly end their existence here and move on to another world. Anna was dying in agony and pain, and he assured her that she would receive medical care there and that she would never be sick again. One man used to be a wonderful actor, but vodka ruined him and he was kicked out of his job. After that, he began to drink, and now death came for him. And Luka assured him that there was a special hospital there, in which they would definitely help him and he would never drink again and they would take him back to work.

And this is better than the truth, which sometimes does not make a person happy at all, but on the contrary, scares him even more. He even gives people hope and they leave happy. In addition, he himself believed in this world, where everyone goes and lives well and happily, but one day he found out that this world simply does not exist and then he committed suicide.

Many agree with this main character, sometimes a person needs to say what he wants to hear and it doesn’t have to be true.

Not every person will be able to determine when another person is telling the truth and when he is deceiving. Of course, in some situations this can be understood, but there are situations when until the very end it is not clear whether a person deceived you or not. Sometimes fiction and truth are very close to each other, and distinguishing one from the other can be very difficult or almost impossible. In this case, a person must learn to weigh truth and lies, and then it will become clear where is fiction and where he is telling the truth.

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