Daria is a peasant woman, the young widow of Proclus, who died of fever. She is a real woman. loving wife and mother. She is hardworking “and her work brings reward: the family does not struggle in need.”

Nekrasov describes her external beauty and rich inner world as “a type of majestic Slavic woman.” And despite all the hardships of peasant life, “the dirt of the wretched situation does not seem to stick to them.” Daria is hardy and patient, she meekly goes into the forest for firewood in the bitter cold. One can envy her fearlessness; in order to save her husband, she went ten miles to a monastery to get a miraculous icon.

But, alas, the beauty and strength of the peasant woman is dried up by grief. The last thing she has left is pride. The widow gives vent to her feelings only in a quiet, silent forest, where her tears are witnessed by “free birds, but they did not dare to reveal them to the people...”.

In the process of chopping wood, she is puzzled not so much by her future, but by her children. But something in Daria changes, a breakdown occurs, “the soul is exhausted with longing” and she is spellbound “without a thought, without a groan, without tears.” In her melancholy and grief, the peasant woman forgets about her children, her thoughts are occupied by her husband, and she gives in to frosty oblivion, which gives her a feeling of peace and happiness. A young widow falls into a dream in which she sees a sultry day, her happy family with a living husband. Fate gives Daria a chance to wake up from her obsession, but she is better off “in her enchanted dream...”. The author asks not to be sad about her, because she went into oblivion happy with a smile on her face.

One of the important aspects of Nekrasov’s poetic thoughts is the responsibility of the people themselves for what is happening to them, and here the poet’s hopes are inseparable from skeptical intonations. Nekrasov clearly sees the collapse of traditional forms peasant life, and at the same time realizes its unique integrity and harmony, the human beauty of peasant characters and the wretchedness of their existence. The apotheosis of the spiritual beauty of the Russian peasantry was the poem “Frost, Red Nose,” written shortly before “The Railway.”

Researchers pay attention to the poet’s excellent knowledge folk life, folklore and ethnographic sources, revealed in this poem, folk beliefs and superstitions. The subject of poetic depiction in the poem “Frost, Red Nose” is the tragedy of a peasant family - the death of the breadwinner, and then the death of his wife. However, this tragedy consists of ordinary, albeit sad episodes, events and facts. The first part of the poem is called “The Death of a Peasant”, the second, like the entire poem, is called “Frost, Red Nose”, and this repetition indicates not so much about stinginess in choice artistic means, how much about the importance of the second part, which carries a special ideological and compositional load.

The first part is a detailed story about the death and funeral of Proclus: how the old father dug the grave, how he was dressed, how they cried out for the dead man, how his neighbors and fellow villagers felt sorry for him (the life and death of Proclus is remembered along the way), how after the funeral the widow comes to the cold hut and on the same Savraska, on which they had just transported her husband’s ashes, she goes to the forest to collect firewood. As Nekrasov’s biographer V.E. Evgeniev-Maksimov noted, when speaking about everyday phenomena and ordinary people, the poet knows how to show them from such sides that they seem to our consciousness not only wonderful, but also lofty. Let us pay attention, for example, with what artistic tact the father of Proclus is presented in the poem, who had to endure the most difficult ordeal - digging the grave of his own son. Twice more the figure of the unhappy old man appears - and both times an expressive picture is created with maximum economy artistic details. Fellow villagers say goodbye to Proclus, but the father does not merge with this crowd: their grief and his are incomparable:

The old man is a useless mess

I didn’t let myself control myself:

Getting closer to the splinter,

He was picking at a thin bast shoe.

The minute of his last farewell to his son is also separated from the general farewell:

Tall, gray-haired, lean,

Without a hat, motionless and mute,

Like a monument, old grandfather

I stood at my dear one’s grave!

No less impressive is the portrait of Proclus himself, lying “on a white pine table”, created without “extra words”, with minimal use of figurative and expressive means. But still, the central figure in the poem remains Daria, the wife of Proclus. Already at the very beginning, the image of a “beautiful and powerful Slavic woman” appears. Here the question about her drama is raised:

Fate had three hard parts,

And the first part: to marry a slave,

The second is to be the mother of a slave son,

And the third is to obey the slave until the grave,

And all these formidable shares fell

To a woman of Russian soil.

But this drama is not so much individual as it is universal. Daria's personality is fully revealed in the second part of the poem. In the stream of consciousness of the heroine, who has already been overcome by grief and has only a short time to live, the past, present and deep, hidden dreams of the future are intertwined. Daria thinks about how she and Proclus would enjoy children, marry their son, imagines how she alone will now have to bear the entire burden of household chores - it’s as if she is talking with her late husband. The widow recalls how she went at night ten miles to the monastery to miraculous icon to save Proclus, but the icon did not produce a miracle. And already in the tenacious embrace of “Governor Frost”, with the last efforts of her fading consciousness, Daria “in her enchanted dream” evokes from her memory a picture of a sultry summer and with a smile of contentment and happiness, with thoughts of children and her living husband, passes away from life... The image of Frost , prompted by the folk poetic tradition and giving the name to the poem, seems to make nature itself an accomplice to the tragedy.

Source (abbreviated): Russian literary classics of the 19th century: Tutorial/ Ed. A.A. Slinko and V.A. Svitelsky. - Voronezh: Native Speech, 2003

In the work “Frost, Red Nose,” Daria is an ordinary peasant woman, a widow. The heroine does not immediately appear on the pages of the poem. The author discusses Russian peasant women, who over the years remain the same as before. Nekrasov presents to the reader a peasant woman who is not simple; she is very proud with her head raised, even in difficult life circumstances.

The author describes the heroine as very beautiful girl who is slim and tall. Any outfit looks beautiful on Daria. Nekrasov also does not miss beautiful teeth and hair. The famous phrase about a stopped galloping horse refers to Daria. The girl is very hardworking and not picky. Daria is brave, courageous and at the same time loves fun.

Daria loved her husband very much and positioned herself as a full-fledged part of the family; she was support and support for her husband Proclus. When her husband got sick, Daria ran as much as 10 miles to heal him. The girl runs to the monastery to get the icon. When the girl ran through the forest, she was very scared. There are many animals in the forest, as well as otherworldly forces. But this did not frighten Daria as much as believing in omens. For example, a fallen star or a hare crossing the road. When her husband was alive, they lived in perfect harmony, earned money together, and achieved all their well-being exclusively together. When Prokhor died, Daria has to do a lot of things herself. He goes to the forest to get firewood and leaves the children with his neighbors.

The author is trying to come to an understanding internal state Daria, from the outside she is quite strong and strong, but it is clear that the desire to live is disappearing. The girl's soul is tired, she is sad. Frost makes it clear to Daria that he is a groom, of which there are few, he is strong and omnipotent. He puts the girl before the choice of death or life with him. Frost invites Daria to become his queen.

The girl becomes calm and meek when Frost turned into her husband and kissed Daria. Frost asked Daria: “Are you warm?” Daria answered, and Frost enveloped her in a dream of warmth and summer. In a dream, Daria sees how hard she worked, saw her husband and beloved children. Readers of the work see the latest events that are revealed to Daria. The girl sees her children, sees their faces. The frost may have given the girl an attempt to come to her senses and wake up, but Daria did not wake up. A lump of snow fell on her, which was thrown off by a squirrel, and there was no reaction, Daria was probably already dead.

Essay on Daria

Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov in his works he often glorified the wealth of the Russian serf soul, the life and difficult fate of the broadest class Russian Empire- peasantry. Only Nekrasov, being a nobleman, was so immensely devoted to the peasantry, as he deeply loved and respected them.

His poem “Frost, Red Nose” also belongs to such works. In it, the poet addresses the image of a Russian woman - long-suffering and beautiful.

The poet worships appearance main character poem to the peasant woman Daria, saying that the woman is very beautiful in appearance and any clothes look very elegant on her. Any, even hard and complex work is done by a woman without any questions asked. And when harsh working days give way to holidays, Daria is ready to infect everyone around her with her loud laughter and girlish enthusiasm.

The lines describing a Russian woman in the face of life’s difficulties have become classic:

“He will stop a galloping horse,

He’ll walk into a burning hut!”

Nekrasov writes that Russian girls were often married not out of desire and not out of love. They were forced to do this by the landowners or the peasant community. But the woman was lucky - she and her husband Proclus lived in love and harmony, albeit short, but good life. She steadfastly endured all the difficulties of peasant life - difficult agricultural and homework, hunger and cold.

But, despite this, the lines of the poem carry pain and sadness. How can a woman live on her own and feed small children and frail old people alone? After all, her husband died young, trying to earn money to support his family. A difficult fate crushes her and Daria does not see a way out of this situation. A difficult fate breaks a persistent and proud Russian woman. And although the author conveys admiration for the female soul and character, the wealth of her through all the lines spiritual world, talents and abilities, the author leads his heroine to death. The hopelessness of the enslaved Russian peasantry, deprived of the last chance to exist, forces Daria to accept death in the forest, because she is in a hopeless situation and simply does not find a way out, sobbing and begging to return Proclus to her - her hope and support. Deprived of hope for the future, Daria calmly accepts death.

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Daria, Proclus, old parents - they are all from that Russian peasant world, where from childhood they get used to work and see it as the main work of life, where they do not know how to talk much about feelings, but feel deeply and strongly, where severe restraint is combined with rare, but with sincere and kind fun, where all life teaches courage, patience, perseverance. It is very important that seventh graders understand this. We don't need to instill in them lightweight cheerfulness. But we want our readers to develop respect for the resilient, courageous people they meet.

If time permits, you can reflect on some details of the text that require the reader's imagination. For example, collect from different chapters of the first part everything that relates to Proclus. It is said about him succinctly, but there is a lot behind the words:

• Large, calloused hands,
• Those who put up a lot of work,
• Beautiful, alien to torment
• Face and beard down to the arms...

It was as if we, together with our fellow villagers, entered the hut and stood, as was customary, at the feet of the deceased. And so, raising our eyes, we see first of all the hands. Now they lie motionless... But let’s imagine how little rest they had during their lifetime - these large, calloused hands. Let's think about the words of lamentation:

• You are our blue-winged darling!
• Where did you fly away from us?
• Comeliness, height and strength
• You had no equal in the village.
• You were an adviser to parents,
• You were a worker in the field,
• Hospitable and welcoming to guests,
• You loved your wife and yourself...

And these lines help to present Proclus as a true hero: powerful, reasonable and kind. And his old man is the father of the same heroic peasant breed. In the description of the old man there are several amazing details that activate our imagination: how he did his mournful work - digging a grave, like at the coffin of his own son

• The old man is a useless mess
• I didn’t let myself control myself:
• Getting closer to the splinter,
• He was picking at a thin bast shoe.

We understand that this seemingly inappropriate work most strongly expresses both the depth of his grief and the great courage of his soul: after all, now the burden of caring for his family will fall on his tired shoulders. Nekrasov twice - in chapters VI and XIV - draws a father over his son’s grave. And these meager paintings amaze with their stern grandeur:

• Tall, gray-haired, lean,
• Without a hat, motionless and mute,
• Like a monument, old grandfather
• I stood at my dear one’s grave!

The courage, fortitude, and spiritual strength of the peasants - this is what encouraged the poet and helped him believe in the possibility of a different life for the people.

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Images of Daria and Proclus as a mirror of the Russian peasant world.